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kailbananas
1. In Jerry Adler’s article, Erasing Painful Memories, we learned…
1. In Jerry Adler’s article, Erasing Painful Memories, we learned that ___. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. PKMzeta is an enzyme that is required for the formation of long term memories.
b. LTP is a method for forgetting traumatic memories.
c. When given immediately after a traumatic event, propranolol acts to make a memory more vivid and longer lasting.
d. All of the above are appropriate choices
2. A method of treating anxiety, _____ is being incorporated into cognitive behavioral therapy as a way to focus on incoming sensory stimuli rooted in the present moment. Brain imaging studies have shown that this practice is correlated with changes in the frontal lobe and amygdala. (worth 1 pt)
a. catharsis
b. mindfulness
c. EMDR
d. imagery
3. Neuroplasticity plays a role in the develpment of PTSD, similar to other types of associative learning. (worth 1 pt)
True
or
False
4. Several brain regions play a role in PTSD. For example, the ______ in people with PTSD. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. prefrontal cortex shows less activity in response to emotional stimuli
b. amygdala is less active
c. parahippcampal gyrus tends to be larger
d. thalamus has enriched blood flow
5. Which of the following statements is true about PTSD? (worth 1.5 pts)
a. PTSD primarily affects people that are exposed to violence perpetrated by other humans, not natural disasters like earthquakes.
b. PTSD is found in men who experience combat (war), but usually spares women in the same situation.
c. PTSD symptoms include intrusive and vivid memories of traumatic events.
d. All of the above are appropriate choices.
6. Recent research regarding gut bacteria indicates that ______. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. it’s better to be exposed to bacteria than live a germ-free life; mice that were raised germ-free had a more robust stress response when compared with mice that were not raised this way
b. genetics play a profound role in how gut bacteria affects stress-related behavior, as studies of several different strains of mice resulted in only a few strains that showed an effect on behavior
c. the type of bacteria is irrelevant; exposure to both probiotics and pathogenic bacteria has been shown to decrease anxiety-like behavior in mice
d. not all animals have gut bacteria; mice siblings raised together differ in the amount and type of gut bacteria they have, with some having no gut bacteria at all
7. Which of the following statements is true about PTSD? (worth 1.5 pts)
a. PTSD primarily affects people that are exposed to violence perpetrated by other humans, not natural disasters like earthquakes.
b. PTSD is found in men who experience combat (war), but usually spares women in the same situation.
c. PTSD symptoms include intrusive and vivid memories of traumatic events.
d. All of the above are appropriate choices.
8. Recent research regarding gut bacteria indicates that ______. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. it’s better to be exposed to bacteria than live a germ-free life; mice that were raised germ-free had a more robust stress response when compared with mice that were not raised this way
b. genetics play a profound role in how gut bacteria affects stress-related behavior, as studies of several different strains of mice resulted in only a few strains that showed an effect on behavior
c. the type of bacteria is irrelevant; exposure to both probiotics and pathogenic bacteria has been shown to decrease anxiety-like behavior in mice
d. not all animals have gut bacteria; mice siblings raised together differ in the amount and type of gut bacteria they have, with some having no gut bacteria at all
9. Irritable bowel syndrome ______. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. is thought to be a “functional” GI disorder; its cause is related more to stress rather than to a biological malfunction.
b. symptoms tend to worsen in times of stress.
c. is a condition in which patients typically have enhanced sensitivity to visceral (gut) pain, and decreased sensitivity to cutaneous (skin) pain.
d. All of the above
10. How does the human body store food? (worth 1.5 pts)
a. Starches, found in pasta and potatoes, are stored as glutamine.
b. Proteins, found in meats and beans, are stored as insulin.
c. Fats, found in such foods as oils and ice cream, are stored as triglycerides.
d. Vitamins, found in vegetables and supplements, are stored as hormones.
11. Regarding genetics, environment, and depression ______. (worth 1.5 pts)
a. if one of a pair of identical (monozygotic) twins suffers from depression, the other twin has only a 50/50 chance of also suffering from clinical depression, suggesting that genes don’t play much of a role in depression.
b. the gene that has been most studied for its role in depression is the gene that determines how much dopamine is produced by neurons.
c. not only do typical siblings share about 50% of their genes with each other, they also typically share the same childhood environment, and both of these play an important role in the development of depression.
d. low levels of glucocorticoids in response to stress are thought to be an important instigator of a depressive episode.
