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1) Which of the following statements accurately describes gender…
1) Which of the following statements accurately describes gender differences on physical growth during the middle childhood years?
Girls are heavier and taller than boys through the age of nine or ten
Boys surpass girls in height and weight until about the age of 13 or 14
Beginning at about age 11, boys develop relatively more muscle, and girls develop relatively more fat
Boys experience a steady weight gain through middle adulthood, whereas girls experience an overall weight loss
2) Who among the following children understands the principle of transitivity?
Kathy understands that the symbols used in a language are nonsense
Berry understands that if George is taller than Tina and Tina is taller than Gia, then George is taller than Gia
Winnie understands that the quantity of water changes when it is filled in containers of different shapes
Sam understands that tulips belong to the category of flowers
3) Sarah, an eight-year-old, is playing with her dolls. She notices that they are of different heights. After playing, she arranges them from left to right on a rack in increasing order of height. Which of the following processes does this scenario illustrate?
Encoding
Mainstreaming
Seriation
Rehearsing
4)Which of the following statements is true of concrete-operational children?
They are more egocentric than preoperational children
They have the decentration capacity to allow them to focus on two dimensions
They fail to understand the principles of conservation and class inclusion
They focus on intangible ideas instead of tangible objects.
5) Andrew and Jason are playing catch. While throwing the ball toward Jason, Andrew slips and the ball accidently hits Jason on the head. Though Jason gets angry, he realizes that he was not in much pain and moreover, it was not intentional. He considers the situation and decides that Andrew’s action was not wrong. According to Piaget’s theory of moral development, Jason shows ______.
Group of answer choices
autonomous morality
seriation
objective morality
transitivity
6)According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, which of the following is the period during which moral judgments largely reflect social rules and conventions?
Group of answer choices
The conventional level
The concrete-operational stage
The preoperational stage
The preconventional level
7)Matt, an eleven-year-old boy, got into a fight with his classmate and bruised his arm. He plans to lie to his parents about the bruise as he is afraid that they will scold him. However, he feels that good boys should not lie and decides to tell them the truth. According to Kohlberg’s theory of moral development, which of the following stages of development does Matt display?
Group of answer choices
Autonomous morality
Conventional level
Objective morality
Preconventional level
8)Piaget’s social cognition most broadly refers to the development of children’s understanding of ______.
Group of answer choices
the relationship between the self and parents
the relationship between the self and peers
the relationship between the self and environment
the relationship between the self and others
9)What would Piaget say about the social and emotional development of children in middle childhood.
Group of answer choices
By middle childhood, children can compare themselves with other children and, unlike preschoolers, can arrive at a more honest and critical self-appraisal
Children’s self-esteem rises throughout middle childhood, reaching a peak at 12 or 13
Children with low self-esteem tend to have parents who are restrictive, while children with a favorable self-image are more likely to have authoritarian parents
During middle childhood, girls tend to have high self-esteem and boys tend to have low self-esteem
10)According to Erikson, teachers play an important role during middle childhood, and if teachers restrict children taking initiative and deprive them the pride of achievement, children will feel industrious because they will strive to master the necessary tasks and achieve the feeling of industry.
Group of answer choices
This statement is completely true
This statement is partially true because children will feel industrious, but they will not strive to master anything
This statement is partially true because teachers do not play any role during this stage of a child’s development
This statement is false
11)According to Erikson, children at middle childhood stage will need to resolve the industry vs. inferiority crisis in order to ______.
Group of answer choices
understand the laws of conservation
achieve a sense of competency
achieve learned helplessness
understand morality
12)Which of the following child demonstrate more mature self-concept?
Group of answer choices
Cynthia who describe herself as a blue-eye girl
Bob who says he likes to play soccer a lot
Jerry who describe himself as good basketball player
Tom who says he likes to play many kinds of sports as he is easygoing and likes to play games with friends
13) Sofia is 9 years old and is beginning to show self-awareness and that she cares a lot about what her friends think about her. She is likely to ______.
Group of answer choices
be critical about multiple aspects of herself including physical appearance, academic performance, and her relationships with friends
judge her overall self and think she is a good person
use physical discipline to behave herself
impose rules on her friends to show her capabilities
14)Samuel is a nine-year-old boy with a favorable self-image and has confidence in his abilities. He believes that hard work is the key to success. Samuel’s parents are most likely to be ______.
Group of answer choices
authoritarian, dominating, and strict
lenient, ignorant, and negligent
negligent, rejecting, and rigid
restrictive, involved, and loving
15) A difference between children in middle childhood and children in their preschool years is that ______.
Group of answer choices
children and parents spend less time together in middle childhood than in the preschool years
children evaluate their parents less harshly in middle childhood than they did in preschool years
parents provide more direct feedback in middle childhood than they did in the preschool years
parents do more monitoring of children’s activities in middle childhood than they did in the preschool years
16)Which of the following is true of middle childhood?
Group of answer choices
Mothers’ interactions with school-age children continue to revolve exclusively around recreation
Parent-child interactions focus on assignment of chores and peer activities
Parents provide more direct feedback than they did in the preschool years
Children evaluate their parents less harshly than they did in early childhood
17)Which of the following statements is true of peer relationships?
Group of answer choices
Acceptance or rejection by peers is unimportant in childhood
As children move into middle childhood, peers become less influential
Peers afford practice in cooperating, relating to leaders, and coping with aggressive impulses
Peers exert the most powerful influence on a child during his or her first few years
18)According to Selman, which of the following stages in children’s concepts of friendship focuses on the relationship rather than on individuals separately?
Group of answer choices
momentary physical interaction
autonomous interdependence
intimate and mutual sharing
fair-weather cooperation
19)Selman described five stages in children’s changing concepts of friendship. In the second stage, children are less egocentric but view a friend as someone who does what they want. This stage is known as ______.
Group of answer choices
fair-weather cooperation
one-way assistance
momentary physical interaction
autonomous interdependence
