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1. Part of the definition of temperament is that individual…
1. Part of the definition of temperament is that individual differences are:
environmentally based
unrelated to biology
biologically based
entirely genetic
2.
Matt lives in a very noisy dorm. He is not bothered by the noise and usually does not notice it. He also likes to study with his music playing. His roommate Steve is constantly irritated by his noisy dorm because he dislikes loud noises. He is also often frustrated with Matt’s music, because he finds it impossible to study in a noisy space. Matt and Steve differ on which two dimensions of temperament?
Sensory threshold and distractibility
Approach/withdrawal and activity
Activity and rhythm
Distractibility and persistence
3.
Thomas and Chess labeled children who had a negative mood, reacted intensely to stimuli, had a hard time coping with new experiences, and were irregular in their eating and sleeping habits as:
Quick to calm down children
Difficult children
Easy children
Slow to warm up children
4.
In the Strange Situation, baby Olivia clings to her mother, plays little with the toys in the room and is extremely distressed when her mother leaves the room. When her mother returns to the room and picks her up, Olivia arches her back to get away from her mother. Olivia falls into which attachment category?
Secure
Disorganized/disoriented
Insecure-resistant
Insecure-avoidant
5.
During the Adult Attachment Interview, Dennis was highly emotional and often angry when discussing his relationship with his parents. He would most likely be classified as:
Unresolved
Preoccupied
Autonomous
Dismissing
6.
Securely attached infants are MOST likely to have parents whose own adult attachment status is:
Unresolved
Dismissing
Autonomous
Preoccupied
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The following questions refer to the assigned article, “Temperament and reactions to familiarity” Download Temperament and reactions to familiarity”by Kagan. Read the article carefully before completing this assignment.
7.
What are the two groups of “reactive” infants that the author describes? How did the author decide which group an infant belonged in?
8.
When the two groups of reactive children were interviewed as 4.5-year-olds, how did they respond? What were the differences between the two groups?
9.
At what age do children begin to demonstrate self-awareness?
5 years
15 months
2 years
9 months
10.
Which of the following emotions suggests that a child has developed self-recognition?
Sadness
Shame
Anger
Happiness
11.
Toddlers often co-narrate stories about their past experiences with their caregivers. Which of the following is TRUE about these narrative experiences?
American mothers tend to co-narrate more stories about children’s past transgressions than Chinese mothers do.
American parents are equally likely to tell emotional stories with little girls and little boys.
Co-narration with parents forms the basis of children’s self-concept and their autobiographical memory
12.
When asked to describe herself, Maria says she is an over-achiever at school, and she is somewhat nervous and introverted in social situations. Based on her self-concept, how old is Maria?
14 years old
5 years old
2 years old
8 years old
13.
Josh’s parents have always expected him to become a doctor. Without really considering other options, he decided to become a pre-med major. According to Erikson, Josh is in a state of identity:
Foreclosure
Confusion
Diffusion
Moratorium
14.
Chris is 17 and she does not know where to go to college or what to do for a career. She feels like she should not have to worry about these things right now, so she puts them off by joining Peace Corps instead. She figures she can always worry about her future later. Chris is in a state of identity:
Moratorium
Diffusion
Achievement
Foreclosure
15.
If a parent wants to help their child have high self-esteem, they should to all of the following EXCEPT:
Validate and accept their child’s emotions
Have clearly defined, fair rules and limits in the home
Ensure the child is always happy and never has to experience failure or challenges
Respect their child’s individuality
