Question 26 Efforts to keep wolves from eating sheep using what...

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Question 26 Efforts to keep wolves from eating sheep using what…

Question 26

Efforts to keep wolves from eating sheep using what we know about conditioned taste aversion:

Question 26 options:

have met with mixed success

run the risk of poisoning other species

make use of poison to kill wolves

have been made easier because wolves do not seem to notice the toxins in the food used for conditioning

Question 27

When I have to wait on line at the supermarket for a few minutes I often take out my phone and play games for a little while before I get to the front of the line. This can be considered an example of:

Question 27 options:

negative automaintenance

adjunctive behavior

autoshaping

sign tracking

Question 28

A researcher determines that human color vision helps us to survive, by allowing us to distinguish among different kinds of potentially toxic and non-toxic foods. According to Tinbergen, what kind of an explanation is this?

Question 28 options:

This is an explanation about which of our animal relatives have this trait

This is an explanation of the proximate cause of color vision

This is an explanation about the lifetime development of color vision

This is an explanation of the ultimate cause of color vision

Question 29

One notable thing about chimps using tools is that:

Question 29 options:

chimps will search for the best tool for a job

chimps only use tools that are nearby

chimps use machines to make their own tools

chimps do not save tools they like

Question 30

Researchers have found it difficult to train a pigeon NOT to peck a key light in order to get a food reward (in other words, the food is delivered only if the pigeon does NOT peck the key). This can be considered an example of:

Question 30 options:

negative automainenance

this is an example of all three of the other answers

sign tracking

autoshaping

Question 31

The hippocampus is important for which of the following cognitive functions?

Question 31 options:

verbal memory

modeling behavior

spatial memory

language

Question 32

When we talk about animal memory, we often discuss spatial memory, or the animal’s ability to remember locations of things. Why do we focus so much on spatial memory in animals?

Question 32 options:

there is no good reason to study this, we just have a lot of data about it

spatial memory is important for many survival tasks including finding food, water, and shelter

all animals are equally good at spatial memory, which tells us it is important

spatial memory used to be thought to be only a human skill

Question 33

Across many experiments, researchers have tried to teach chimps human language. At this point scientists have concluded:

Question 33 options:

that chimps can use language about as well as a four year old human

that other apes, like gorillas, are better at using language than chimps

that chimps use language as well as humans do

that while chimps can communicate, they are not using true language

Question 34

Theory of mind:

Question 34 options:

tells us why rodents huddle together when it is cold

is what is missing in schizophrenia

is only a property of human cognition

means humans can lie

Question 35

Many species can:

Question 35 options:

tell the difference between greater and lesser quantities

do simple addition problems

count up to 10

count up to 100

Question 36

In a test, a researcher might show a child a box with a picture of crayons on it. The researcher will show the child that there are scarves packed in the box of crayons. If the researcher asks the child what a different child will think is in the box, under about the age of three the child is likely to say:

Question 36 options:

scarves

there is no way to predict what the child will say

crayons

Question 37

It turns out that trees seem to get information from fungus that grows among their roots. This is an example of:

Question 37 options:

communication

language

syntax

pedagogy

Question 38

A researcher concludes that sleep changes over our life span, so that we sleep the most when we are under a year of age, and have the most REM (dream) sleep. When we get to adulthood we sleep a lot less, and have much less REM sleep. According to Tinbergen, what kind of an explanation for sleep is this?

Question 38 options:

all of the other answers are correct

this is an ultimate explanation for sleep

this is a developmental explanation for sleep

this is an evolutionary explanation for sleep

Question 39

Researchers have shown pigeons a light, and followed that light with a food delivery that is non-contingent (the pigeons do not have to do anything to get the food). What is NOT a likely outcome of this experiment?

Question 39 options:

Pigeons will show autoshaping

Pigeons will display sign tracking, associating the light with the food delivery

Pigeons will sit quietly and do nothing and eat the food

Pigeons will learn to peck the light between food deliveries

Question 40

When we test species that rely heavily on stored food for the winter and species that do not, we are likely to see that:

Question 40 options:

species that do not rely on stored food have better spatial memories

there are no differences in spatial memories between species

species that rely on stored food have better spatial memories

Question 41

We all have self-awareness as adults, which is necessary for which of the following cognitive abilities?

Question 41 options:

transitive inference

theory of mind

numerosity

communication

Question 42

In terms of tool use, humans are unique among species:

Question 42 options:

because we save tools we like

humans do not seem to be unique among species in terms of tool use

because we use tools

because we make tools

Question 43

When the Brelands tried to train pigs to put a token in a piggy band for a reward, they found that:

Question 43 options:

the pigs demonstrated instinctive drift

all of the other answers are good explanations for the Breland’s difficulties

the pigs instead dropped the tokens and pushed them through the dirt with their noses

the pigs made a classical association between the tokens and the food reward, and treated the tokens as they would treat their food

Question 44

A researchers shows a pigeon a picture of a tree. There is then a delay of a few seconds, and the pigeon is shown a picture of a tree and a picture of a squirrel simultaneously. The pigeon is rewarded if it pecks at the picture of the tree. This task is known as:

Question 44 options:

A delayed theory of mind test

An interspecies cognitive ability test

A problem solving task

A delayed matching to sample task

Question 45

Which of the following does NOT represent a motivational system that can trigger behavior according to Behavior Systems Theory?

Question 45 options:

Looking for food

Running from a predator

Seeking a mate

Meditating

Question 46

Instinctive drift is a phenomenon where:

Question 46 options:

Autoshaping takes place

All of the other answers describe instinctive drift

Animals make a classical association between an operant (e.g. a token) and a food reinforcer that disrupts an operant response

Animals show an instinctive fear response that disrupts an operant response

Question 47

One way that taste aversion learning is unlike other types of classical conditioning is that:

Question 47 options:

We are more likely to associate illness with a familiar mild flavor than a strong, unfamiliar flavor.

It does not extinguish.

It can happen after very long CS-US intervals.

It does not generalize.

Question 48

A sea lion can be taught to discriminate between letters and numbers. The sea lion is being taught:

Question 48 options:

language

transitive inference

errorless discrimination

Question 26 Efforts to keep wolves from eating sheep using what…

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