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ElderRoseSpider30
#Case Study – Joey Joey is an undergraduate psychology student…
#Case Study – Joey
Joey is an undergraduate psychology student attending a local college. His grades are adequate but increasingly he has been having behavioural issues at school – he showed up intoxicated on two occasions to his class and one time to his lab. School administrators asked Joey to see a counsellor as a condition of not being expelled. He agreed to do so.
To the counsellor, Joey admitted that he was a “party-animal” when he was younger; having tried various types of illicit drugs on a regular basis. But after entering college, he stopped most of his drug use and now only consumes alcohol (six to eight beers per week); smokes cigarettes (1 package a day); and occasionally, consumes magic mushrooms (once per month),
Joey indicated that he has grown concerned about h, alcohol use and had signed up for a treatment program. Unfortunately, on the night before entering treatment, he had decided to have one last blast. Thinking about the prospects of never being able to drink again, he became anxious and could not sleep, so he decided to drink himself into oblivion. The next day, when he went to the program to be admitted, he was turned away because he was hung-over, smelled of alcohol and his hands were shaking. Further he displayed signs of visible sweating, tremors, and insomnia. The in-take staff had also measured his heart rate – it was elevated.
The staff asked him to come back in a month with at least 48 hours of complete sobriety. When the counsellor asked whether he thinks about alcohol or ruminates about it, he replied in the affirmative: *I often find myself thinking of when I can have my next drink.” After a short pause, he said “I suspect I smoke cigarettes as a way to handle the anxiety of not being able to drink.
Exploring his use of cigarettes, the counsellor asked Joey to describe what happens when he attempts to lessen or quit smoking He laughed. He acknowledged that he has noticed some problems resulting from his smoking: namely, being out of breath when hiking or playing hockey. When he has tried to quit, he can go about a day or two without smoking but after that, “I’m irritable, aggressive, and I feel like I want to punch someone!” He indicated his friends made fun of him when he told them that he had signed up for three classes that ran back-to-back. They mocked him as they said he wouldn’t be able to sit still for six hours of course work without having a cigarette. “They are probably right,” he said, “The longer I go without a smoke, the more I think about having one; how it tastes; and how it will help me to relax and be calm.”
As the topic turned to magic mushrooms, Joey rolled his eyes and said, “It’s not a big deal. I don’t use regularly.” When the counsellor asked why, Joey related a story in which he and his friends, one weekend, consumed a significant amount of mushrooms and then proceeded to go for a drive down the backroads in the country. Joey stated, “everything was fine until the double lines on the highway turned into snakes and attacked the windshield – we rolled our car into a ditch!” Fortunately, aside from damage to his car, there were no injuries to himself or his friends. He vowed after this event to cut down on his use of magic mushrooms and to date, has been able to do so. Unlike alcohol and nicotine, Joey indicated that he rarely thinks about using magic mushrooms nor has he ever felt an urgency to use them,
As the session ended, the counsellor asked Joey if he would like to enter a treatment program offered by the college. Joey sighed, nodded his head, and said “Yes, I’ll give it a try.”
1) There are three drugs presented in Joey’s case study: alcohol, nicotine, and magic mushrooms. For each, indicate: (i) whether the drug is a hallucinogen, stimulant, or depressant; and (ii) explain your reasoning behind your decision. Also, define “hallucinogen”, “stimulant”, and “depressant.” Remember to clearly indicate how these categories differ from each other.
2)Please define psychological dependency.
3)Please define physical dependency.
4)What signs from the case study indicate that Joey is psychologically, and physically dependent on alcohol?
5)What signs from the case study indicate that Joey is psychologically, and physically dependent on nicotine
6)Are there any indications that Joey is psychologically or physically dependent on magic mushrooms? Why or why not?
