Provide feedback on their discussion of the substance’s history,…

DarboelProvide feedback on their discussion of the substance’s history,…Provide feedback on their discussion of the substance’s history, typical use, addictive quality, and implications for users. Peer one below.The legal substance that can be addictive that I will be discussing is alcohol. Being addicted to alcohol (alcoholism) is not being able to stop or control your drinking and being both physically and emotionally dependent on it. Strong needs or urges to drink alcohol are among the symptoms of this addictive substance. People with alcohol use disorders may struggle to regulate their drinking, keep drinking even when it creates issues, or experience withdrawal symptoms when they drastically cut back or quit (Mayo Clinic, 2023). People often use this substance socially i.e., at social events, cookouts, weekend outings, beach trips, etc. but can be abused by people who drink large amounts daily. Alcoholism can lead to health complications and other life-threatening situations. High blood pressure, heart disease, stroke, liver disease, and digestive problems are some of the complications alcoholism can cause. Some other severe consequences alcoholics face are different types of cancer such as breast, mouth, throat, esophagus, liver, colon, and rectum cancers. Alcoholism can also affect the Immune system, increasing the likelihood of getting ill. Issues with memory and learning, including dementia, and low academic achievement are other risk factors as well (CDC, 2023). When researching alcoholism, I found that the CDC states that binge drinking for women is 4 or more drinks during one single occasion, and for men, 5 or more drinks during a single occasion. Heavy drinking for women is 8+ drinks weekly and for men 15+ drinks weekly (CDC, 2023). I found this interesting and curious to know why the number of drinks is so different for women compared to men who drink heavily.Fortunately, there are different available methods for treating alcoholism. Some ways include behavioral therapy, interventions, individual or group counseling, outpatient programs, residential inpatient stay, and medications (Mayo Clinic, 2023). Each of these treatment methods can vary depending on the severity of the addiction. However, working towards overcoming this addiction and deciding to change this behavior is the first important step in overcoming alcoholism. Peer two below.A legal substance I would like to focus on that can be addictive includes caffeine. Caffeine has been consumed as early as the stone age, through consumption within certain plants. “Legend has it that in 2737 BC- Chinese Emperor Shen Nung was boiling drinking water but leaves from a nearby bush fell in, accidently brewing tea for the first time” (RD, A. the., 2020). However, research shows in the 15th and 16th centuries caffeine may have been consumed globally for its pharmacological and medical properties. Throughout history, caffeine was considered a luxury, becoming popular throughout Europe in the 18th and 19th centuries. Today, caffeine is used for numerous purposes, but mainly to fight fatigue, and is used within tea, coffee, pain relievers, chocolate, energy drinks, soda, etc. Caffeine can be considered a drug because it stimulates the nervous system increasing cortisol and adrenaline in the body, causing heightened alertness, providing individuals with a temporary energy boost and assisting them to feel positive and focused. Although caffeine can be found within plants, it can also be made artificially and incorporated within beverages. “In the United States there is a limit of 65mg of caffeine per 12 liquid once in beverages. There is also a limit of 200mg in pills” (Coote, J., et al, 2020). Caffeine can become very addictive and causes an individuals blood pressure to rise creating anxiety, a raised heart beat, and in some cases cardiovascular disease. In other studies, caffeine is known to affect memory. Not everyone should consume caffeine, especially those who experience anxiety often. In fact, in the 1900’s the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) banned caffeine from sports due to its performance-enhancing effects. Times have changed however, and in January 2004, caffeine was removed from the banned substances list. “The inefficacy of the urinary threshold to distinguish between the social use and the abuse of caffeine in sports force the World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) to remove caffeine from the prohibited list” (Coso, J. D, et al., 2011). It is difficult to determine whether or not an individual is abusing caffeine considering this substance is popular within society. I myself stop and purchase a coffee almost every morning before work considering I am in a better mood during my shift when consuming caffeine. The logo for one of the most popular coffee shops in America is, “America Runs on Dunkin.” I would say, this logo is valid considering Dunkin Donuts serves over 3 million cups of coffee, and over 3 million individuals a day. Remember, caffeine is in other substances as well, like soda for example. ” Nationally, 63% of adults aged 18 or older reported drinking sugar-sweetened beverages once daily or more” (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2022). Therefore, it is safe to safe caffeine is an extremely popular legal substance and due to easy access, caffeine can become easily abused and addictive. Social SciencePsychology