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Question 1 What phenomenon occurs when repeated administration of a…
Question 1
What phenomenon occurs when repeated administration of a drug results in reduced response to that drug?
a. tolerance
b. dependence
c. conditioning
d. withdrawal
Question 2
Individual differences in the initial sensitivity to a drug’s effects are thought to be determined by what?
a. classical conditioning
b. expectancies
c. genetics
d. operant conditioning
Question 3
Which statement about addictive personality is TRUE?
a. It is an increasingly serious problem in the United States.
b. It is caused purely by genetic factors.
c. There is currently no evidence that it exists.
d. It is caused purely by environmental factors.
Question 4
Which of the following is true of generic drugs?
a. They are chemical copies of brand name drugs.
b. They are less effective than brand name drugs.
c. They can be sold after a brand name drug has been on the market for 20 years.
d. They cost the same as brand name drugs but are more readily available.
Question 5
A novel molecular synthesis, a recombination of known ingredients, and a new use of an existing compound are all ways in which new drugs are
a. advertised
b. proven safe for human use
c. tested
d. discovered
Question 6
For every drug that finally gets market approval, how many drugs have been screened?
a. between 5 and 10
b. between 500 and 1,000.
c. between 50,000 and 10,000.
d. between 500,000 and 1 million.
Question 7
When people are exposed to conditioned stimuli many times without the drug the conditioned stimuli are associated with, the discomfort or craving these stimuli produce dissipate. What is this process known as?
a. extinction
b. withdrawal
c. rebound
d. reverse tolerance
Question 8
What is the first stage in the FDA’s guidelines for the testing and marketing of a drug?
a. animal trials
b. experimental studies with healthy volunteers
c. experimental studies with clinical patients
d. belief that a particular compound has clinical value
Question 9
Which term means a state of equilibrium or balance?
a. homeostasis
b. potentiation
c. cell adaptation
d. tolerance
Question 10
Animal drug studies offer value in human applications when the results of the studies are what?
a. double blind
b. accurate
c. generalizable
d. reinforced
Question 11
Learning not to touch a hot stove after having been burned by it is an example of learning through what?
a. positive reinforcement
b. negative reinforcement
c. punishment
d. neutral stimuli
Question 12
Which of the following is a brand name for a drug?
a. Acetaminophen
b. Naproxen sodium
c. Tylenol
d. Aspirin
Question 13
Which of the following accurately describes the influence that age has on drug effects?
a. Susceptibility to a drug’s effects declines over the life span.
b. Susceptibility to a drug’s effects increases over the life span.
c. Children and the elderly are more susceptible to a drug’s effects.
d. Age has no effect on susceptibility to drug effects.
Question 14
Drug self-administration studies indicate which of the following?
a. That people may actually “prefer” the drug experience under some conditions
b. That reinforcers are more effective when there is some delay between the behavior and the reinforcer
c. That the psychiatric drugs chlorpromazine and imipramine are high in reinforcement value
d. That many people prefer not to use drugs
Question 15
Hannah’s least favorite chore is cleaning the kitchen after dinner. After she washes her brother’s dirty car as a favor, he tells her he will do her kitchen chores for a week. Hannah tells herself she will wash her brother’s car more often. What kind of consequence did her brother give her for cleaning his car?
a. negative reinforcement
b. positive punishment
c. positive reinforcement
d. withdrawal
Question 16
Which of the following is an example of a conditioned stimulus associated with substance use?
a. a candy store
b. a coffee bar
c. a drinking buddy
d. a co-worker
Question 17
According to the stress response dampening model, people are more likely to use alcohol to reduce stress when they have what kind of personality?
a. easy-going
b. introverted
c. creative
d. impulsive
Question 18
Learning to compensate for one’s drunkenness by walking more slowly is an example of what kind of tolerance?
a. behavioral
b. acute
c. dispositional
d. protracted
Question 19
In what kind of tolerance can a person’s tolerance to one drug extend to other closely related drugs?
a. dispositional
b. functional
c. reverse
d. cross
Question 20
Which of the following is a type of functional tolerance?
a. behavioral
b. reverse
c. dispositional
d. protracted
