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Question 2 Which of the following statements is true of Erikson’s…
Question 2
Which of the following statements is true of Erikson’s stage of generativity versus stagnation?
Group of answer choices
Adults usually strive to achieve a kind of recognition through legacies.
Generative adults develop a positive legacy of the self and then offer it as a gift to the next generation.
Universally, research refutes Erikson’s theory that generativity is an important dimension of middle age.
Generative adults usually refrain from committing themselves to the continuation and improvement of society as a whole.
Flag question: Question 3
Question 3
Which of the following statements about novices and experts is TRUE?
Group of answer choices
Novices are more creative in solving problems than experts.
Experts avoid the use of strategies and shortcuts when solving problems.
Novices are more flexible in solving problems than experts.
Experts process information more automatically than novices.
Flag question: Question 4
Question 4
Crystallized intelligence is:
Group of answer choices
an individual’s ability to reason abstractly.
an individual’s ability to thinking hypothetically and use deductive reasoning
an individual’s accumulated information and verbal skills.
an individual’s knowledge of crystals
Flag question: Question 5
Question 5
Winston, who lives in New York City, often chooses not go to Broadway shows because he cannot hear the dialogue. Instead, he likes to go to IMAX movies because he prefers the surround sound in the theater. When he does find himself at a Broadway show, he makes sure to wear a hearing aid and adjust the settings so he can hear everything. Winston is engaging in:
Group of answer choices
automatic processing
weathering
selective optimization with compensation
emotion-focused coping
Flag question: Question 6
Question 6
Angelo and his wife just had their last child move out of the house. He and his wife had lived vicariously through their children, letting their sports activities and various achievements dominate their lives. Now they may experience _____, which includes a decline in marital satisfaction after children leave the home.
Group of answer choices
chronic discontent
meaning of life dilemma
alienation
the empty nest syndrome
Flag question: Question 7
Question 7
Brandon is a chain smoker and has been smoking cigarettes since college. He is currently 50 years old and has been recently diagnosed with erectile dysfunction. He consults his doctor to know more about his condition. Which of the following would the doctor most likely tell Brandon during the consultation?
Group of answer choices
Erectile dysfunction only occurs in males over 70 years of age and seldom occurs in younger males.
The main treatment for men with erectile dysfunction has focused on Viagra and similar drugs.
Erectile dysfunction is a fatal condition in males.
Obesity and elevated cholesterol levels are the only known causes for erectile dysfunction.
Flag question: Question 8
Question 8
Natalie is a journalist, and recently her boss rejected an article that she submitted for publication. Later that day, she goes home to her husband, vents about the situation, and ultimately decides that the rejection was for the best. Natalie’s coping style can be described as:
Group of answer choices
weathering
problem-focused
menopausal
emotion-focused
Flag question: Question 9
Question 9
Ruth is currently in menopause. This indicates that the production of ________ by her ovaries will decline drastically.
Group of answer choices
estrogen
insulin
adrenaline
testosterone
Flag question: Question 10
Question 10
Which of the following statements is true of working memory?
Group of answer choices
Studies indicate that techniques such as imagining phone numbers as representing different objects around the house are highly inefficient in improving working memory in middle adulthood.
Studies indicate that starting in late middle age, less time is needed to learn new information as working memory expands.
Decline in working memory is more likely to occur when individuals do not use effective memory strategies, such as organization and imagery.
Decline in working memory in late middle age is due to lack of information stored over the years.
Flag question: Question 11
Question 11
Which of the following is a major difference between Levinson’s and Valliant’s view on midlife?
Group of answer choices
Unlike Valliant, according to Levinson, only males experience midlife crisis.
Unlike Levinson, Valliant maintains that only a minority of adults experience midlife as a crisis.
Levinson maintains that the transition period to midlife is six years, while Valliant holds it to be eight years.
Unlike Levinson, Valliant’s study was mainly focused on white, middle-aged, male population within the upper SES of society.
Flag question: Question 12
Question 12
Jessica has high blood pressure, high cholesterol, and asthma. You might say that Jessica has (check all that apply):
Group of answer choices
a decreased risk for other diseases
a high allostatic load
a low allostatic load
an increased risk for other diseases
Flag question: Question 13
Question 13
Adult development experts are virtually unanimous in their belief that midlife crises
Group of answer choices
have been underestimated.
have been validated.
have no cross-cultural validity.
have been exaggerated.
Flag question: Question 14
Question 14
Which of the following statements is true of sibling relationships?
Group of answer choices
The majority of sibling relationships in adulthood are apathetic.
Siblings who were psychologically distant from each other in childhood tend to be close in adulthood.
Sibling relationships rarely persist over the entire life span for most adults.
It is rare for sibling closeness to develop for the first time in adulthood.
Flag question: Question 15
Question 15
Which of the following is one of the Big Five factors of personality?
Group of answer choices
generativity
transitivity
extraversion
stagnation
Flag question: Question 16
Question 16
Which of the following is true of activity theory?
Group of answer choices
It states that adults who cannot carry on their middle-adulthood roles into late adulthood should find substitute roles that keep them engaged.
It states that successful aging depends on three main factors: selection, optimization, and compensation.
It states that adults become more selective about their social networks as they grow older and place a high value on emotional satisfaction.
It suggests that older adults should identify and reflect on the positive and negative aspects of their lives.
Flag question: Question 17
Question 17
According to your textbook, what is the average life expectancy of individuals born in 2017 in the United States?
Group of answer choices
75.3 years
72.3 years
69.3 years
78.6 years
Flag question: Question 18
Question 18
Dr. Upsteen is a developmental psychologist who believes that speed of processing slows with age due to the aging and death of neurons in the brain. Furthermore, as we age, we experience breakdowns in neural communications. Dr. Upsteen supports the ___________view.
Group of answer choices
information-loss
selective optimization with compensation
crystallized intelligence
neural network
Flag question: Question 19
Question 19
Sophia Petrillo has acquired much knowledge throughout her life. She has developed a sense of emotional maturity that has provided her with the ability to listen, evaluate, and give advice to those around her. Through her old age, she has become an expert in the conduct and meaning of life. You might say that Sophia has acquired:
Group of answer choices
an autoimmune response
wisdom
terminal decline
Bitter Old Lady Syndrome
Flag question: Question 20
Question 20
Elder maltreatment is primarily carried out by _____.
Group of answer choices
home-care staff
doctors
nurses
family members
Flag question: Question 21
Question 21
Joan has three grandchildren whom she loves dearly but she sees infrequently. Neugarten and Weinstein would classify Joan’s grandparent style as _____.
Group of answer choices
formal
fun-seeking
distant
informal
Flag question: Question 22
Question 22
Mr. Dalton has been complaining of irregular and involuntary movement in the right part of his body. The doctors noticed that Mr. Dalton has been showing signs of slow movement and partial facial paralysis. The chronic and progressive nature of the illness was revealed in the pathological findings. Which of the following conditions does Mr. Dalton most likely suffer from?
Group of answer choices
Parkinson disease
Lewy body dementia
Multi-infarct syndrome
Alzheimer disease
Flag question: Question 23
Question 23
Priming older adults with words such as “smart” and “wise” has absolutely no impact on performance on subsequent memory tasks.
Group of answer choices
True
False
Flag question: Question 24
Question 24
Who is most likely to remarry following the loss of a spouse in late adulthood?
Group of answer choices
Women
Men
Men and women are equally likely
Flag question: Question 25
Question 25
What do we know about never married, childless adults?
Group of answer choices
In terms of psychological health, it is important for never married, childless adults to reject the notion that life is meaningless if you don’t have a partner or children.
Never married, childless adults make up about 30% of older Americans.
The psychological well-being of never married, childless women is worse than divorcees and recently widowed elders.
Never married, childless women are more likely to experience depression in late adulthood than never married, childless men.
Flag question: Question 26
Question 26
According to the notes, which of the following is NOT a factor that impacts psychological well-being in late adulthood?
Group of answer choices
social support
intelligence
spirituality/religiosity
physical health
Flag question: Question 27
Question 27
Now that Benita is in late adulthood, the socioemotional selectivity theory predicts that she will:
Group of answer choices
emotionally invest in peripheral relationships.
continue to actively make new friends.
spend most of her time with familiar friends.
become more socially withdrawn as she prepares for death.
Flag question: Question 28
Question 28
Your grandfather keeps going on and on about how when he was a senior in high school, he was the best football player in his town. He could run the fastest and had the most accurate throwing arm. He dated the head cheerleader and was the homecoming king. He tells these stories every time you see him. Besides annoying the crap out of you, what is your grandfather doing (check all that apply)?
Group of answer choices
engaging in self-focused reminiscing
engaging in other-focused reminiscing
showing symptoms of delirium
engaging in reminiscing that is not optimal for good psychological health
Flag question: Question 29
Question 29
Roger is having difficulties keeping up with the housekeeping, paying bills, grocery shopping, cooking dinner, etc. According to the lecture notes, what sorts of activities are these?
Group of answer choices
selective optimization with compensation tasks
activities of daily living
instrumental activities of daily living
hobbies
Flag question: Question 30
Question 30
Even though Grandpa Willie is in perfect health, his granddaughter Rebecca speaks to him in a very condescending tone, using simpler sentences, and speaking in a higher pitch of speech than is normal for her. Rebecca is using ____________when speaking with her Grandpa Willie.
Group of answer choices
primary aging
compression of morbidity
child-directed speech
elderspeak
Flag question: Question 31
Question 31
Which of the following is a TRUE statement about psychosocial development in late adulthood?
Group of answer choices
Older adult friendships are more likely to be opposite-sex than same-sex.
Elder maltreatment includes physical abuse and neglect, but not emotional, sexual, or financial abuse.
Erik Erikson’s final (8th) stage of socioemotional development is called Affect Optimization vs. Optimal Aging
Friendships in late adulthood serve many functions including intimacy/companionship, a link to the larger community, and acceptance.
Flag question: Question 32
Question 32
Which of the following is one of the earliest symptoms of Alzheimer disease?
Group of answer choices
increased irritability and aggressiveness
decrease in ability to produce well-formed sentences
decreased hand-eye coordination
word-finding/generating difficulties
Flag question: Question 33
Question 33
Harvey who is 72-years old, is brought into a memory research lab. At the beginning of the hour-long session, he is asked to spend 2 minutes attempting to memorize a sequence of 15 numbers. He is then asked to recall where he was and what he was doing on September 11, 2001. At the end of the hour, he is asked to recall the list of numbers from the beginning of the session. Harvey, whose memory is consistent with that of the “typical” 72-year old, probably performed better recalling:
Group of answer choices
what he was doing on 9/11
both the numbers and the 9/11 memory equally well
neither the numbers nor what he was doing on 9/11
the numbers
Flag question: Question 34
Question 34
_____ theory states that cells can divide a maximum of about 75 to 80 times, and that as we age our cells become less capable of dividing.
Group of answer choices
Hormonal stress
Cellular clock
Free-radical
Evolutionary
Flag question: Question 35
Question 35
Older adults not being hired for new jobs, being eased out of old ones because they are perceived as too rigid or feeble-minded, and being eased out because they are not considered cost effective are examples of:
Group of answer choices
age incongruity.
generational inequity.
ageism.
eldercare.
Flag question: Question 36
Question 36
In the context of cohabitation among older adults, which of the following statements is true?
Group of answer choices
In most cases, the health of couples who cohabit is better than the health of married couples.
The number of cohabiting older adults is expected to decrease in the coming years.
Cohabitation among older adults often results in marriage.
In most cases, older adults cohabit for companionship than for love.
Flag question: Question 37
Question 37
As Betty is approaching her late 70’s, she strives to remain the same person she always has been. She still reads the newspaper every morning, hangs out with the same friends regularly, and cooks dinner for her family every Sunday. She has volunteered at her church for the past 20 years and plans to continue for as long as possible. This level of consistency between her past, present, and future has made Betty very happy. Betty’s situation supports the __________theory of aging.
Group of answer choices
disengagement
continuity
socioemotional selectivity
activity
Flag question: Question 38
Question 38
Dr. Roberts believes that we age because we all have a genetic clock in our DNA that regulates the aging process by triggering hormonal changes and controlling cellular reproduction and repair. Dr. Roberts favors which theory of aging?
Group of answer choices
Wear and Tear theory
Ageism theory
Genetic Adaptation theory
Cellular Aging theory
Flag question: Question 39
Question 39
Which of the following statements is true of hospice care?
Group of answer choices
Hospice care emphasizes palliative care.
Hospice care emphasizes the need to limit the administration of painkillers to terminally ill patients.
Hospice care mainly emphasizes efforts to cure an illness.
Hospice care focuses on efforts to prolong life.
Flag question: Question 40
Question 40
Cindy’s mother passes away suddenly because of a heart attack. Cindy now wants to explain the concept of death to her 4-year-old twins as she is sure that they will ask for their grandmother. Considering their age, which of the following statements should Cindy mention when communicating her message to her children?
Group of answer choices
You are loved and will not be abandoned.
All living things eventually die, and so will you.
Death is a physical and biological process.
Death is final and irreversible.
Flag question: Question 41
Question 41
Following Jim’s death, who is most likely to experience disenfranchised grief?
Group of answer choices
Karla, his secret mistress of 30 years
Patches, the family dog
Wanda, his devoted wife
Chris, the son he disowned 25 years ago
Flag question: Question 42
Question 42
Which of the following statements is true of the American attitude toward death?
Group of answer choices
Americans are generally death avoiders and death deniers.
Belief in reincarnation is a defining aspect of the American belief about death.
Americans consider death of the biological body as the end of existence.
Americans do not believe in a spiritual body that lives on after death.
Flag question: Question 43
Question 43
_____ refers to a legal document that reflects the patient’s advance care planning.
Group of answer choices
Dying will
Last request
Living will
Easy death order
Flag question: Question 44
Question 44
“No, it can’t be me. It’s not possible,” thinks Clara when she hears the news of her terminal illness. In this scenario, Clara is in which of the following Kübler-Ross’ stages of dying?
Group of answer choices
acceptance
bargaining
denial and isolation
bargaining
depression
Flag question: Question 45
Question 45
Terry is in the final stages of skin cancer, a condition that causes her severe pain and discomfort. At Terry’s insistence and her family’s approval, her doctor agrees to end her pain by administering a lethal dose of a drug. This is an example of ________ euthanasia.
Group of answer choices
natural
universally legal
active
passive
Flag question: Question 46
Question 46
Brain death occurs when
Group of answer choices:
only the lower regions of the brain stop functioning.
all electrical activity of the brain has ceased for a specified period of time.
the body loses the ability to breathe on its own.
a person remains unconscious for a specified period of time.
Flag question: Question 47
Question 47
Which is NOT one of Kubler-Ross’ 5 stages of dying/grief?
Group of answer choices:
bargaining
depression
denial and isolation
anger
stress
acceptance
Flag question: Question 48
Question 48
Identify and describe any 3 concepts, ideas, or theories about human development that you did not know prior to taking this course. Make sure you number your responses accordingly (1, 2, 3) – each response is worth 2 points.
