Question 26 On a Multiple FI 20-sec VI 60-sec schedule of...

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Question 26 On a Multiple FI 20-sec VI 60-sec schedule of…

Question 26

On a Multiple FI 20-sec VI 60-sec schedule of reinforcement, the first component is changed to an FI 200-sec schedule. As a result, the rate of response on the VI 60-sec schedule will likely

Question 26 options:

increase

remain the same

decrease

it is impossible to predict

Question 27

When Karen stopped paying attention to her daughter’s tantrums, they got worse for a while before they got better. This is an example of a(n):

Question 27 options:

discrimination

resurgence

peak shift

extinction burst

Question 28

A negative discriminative stimulus or S?:

Question 28 options:

Indicates that a consequence will follow a behavior

Is always a red light

Indicates that a consequence will not follow a behavior

Is never used in the process of extinction

Question 29

According to what you know about extinguishing scheduled behavior, which of the following ‘problem gamblers’ will have the most difficult time quitting?

Question 29 options:

Dylan, who has been gambling daily for 1 year, and has only won twice

Fred, who has been gambling daily for 5 years, and wins big approximately once per week

Chris, who has been gambling daily for 20 years, and wins big approximately once per month

Ryan, who constantly plays very low-stakes games and wins several times a week.

Question 30

Each time the dog scratches at the door, his owner lets him go outside. In technical terms, this is an example of a(n) ____ schedule of reinforcement.

Question 30 options:

intermittent

shaping

continuous

extinction

Question 31

My child speaks to me rudely if I hand her the wrong thing. Sometimes I tell my child to be polite, but sometimes I reward this behavior by quietly handing over the right thing. In order to extinguish the rude speaking, what weird thing should I do?

Question 31 options:

Start by always handing over the right thing in response to rudeness

Keep doing what I have been doing, and also reward something I like about my child

Start by never handing over the right thing in response to rudeness

There is no cure for rudeness

Question 32

When you go to schedule for classes, you first have to speak to your advisor to get the hold removed from your account, and then you have to wait until your scheduled registration date and time. This is NOT an example of a multiple schedule, because:

Question 32 options:

you must complete both behaviors before you get any reinforcer

this situation does not resemble a laboratory

you must complete both behaviors, but each is followed by the reinforcer

you only have to complete one or the other behavior to register for classes

Question 33

The free operant procedure differs from the puzzle box:

Question 33 options:

The puzzle box is automated

The free operant may be performed multiple times without resetting

The puzzle box may be performed multiple times without resetting

In no important ways.

Question 34

In a classroom, students began to pay close attention to their teacher whenever she moved slightly to the right side of the room. They acted bored and ignore the teacher when she was on the left side of the room. Over time the teacher began to spend all of her time on the right side of the room. These students successfully:

Question 34 options:

shaped their teacher’s behavior

used positive reinforcement to change their teacher’s behavior

all of the other answers are correct

used instrumental conditioning to change their teacher’s behavior

Question 35

Cats in puzzle boxes:

Question 35 options:

Show the same responses as every other cat

Never learn to escape

Show consistent strategies for escape over many trials

Mostly escape the box immediately, the first time they are put into it

Question 36

Theresa is attempting to eliminate the behavior whining for attention in her daughter. Theresa ignores her daughter when she is whining. This is a(n) _____ procedure.

Question 36 options:

behavioral contrast

differential reinforcement of other (DRO) behavior

extinction

errorless discrimination

Question 37

In errorless discrimination training:

Question 37 options:

the negative discriminative stimulus (S? or S-) is presented in a weak form to begin with

the discriminative stimulus (SD or S+) is presented in a weak form to begin with

the discriminative stimulus (SD or S+) is never presented

the negative discriminative stimulus (S? or S-) is presented in a strong form to begin with

Question 38

Extinction of maladaptive behavior works best in conjunction with what?

Question 38 options:

behavioral contrast

peak shift

presentation of a novel stimulus

reinforcement of alternative behavior

Question 39

Following a discrimination training procedure in which a red key was established as the S? and an orange key was established as the SD, a test of generalization is conducted in which the strongest response occurs to a yellowish-orange key. This result is a demonstration of

Question 39 options:

error on the part of the researcher

the peak shift effect

none of the other answers are correct

errorless discrimination

Question 40

Max is attempting to eliminate the behavior whining for attention in his daughter. Max responds to whining with the statement “I’ll talk to you when you can speak to me politely.” He then ignores any subsequent whining but pays attention to polite speech. Max is using a ____ procedure.

Question 40 options:

errorless discrimination

differential reinforcement for other behaviors (DRO)

behavioral contrast

extinction

Question 41

Natalie finds that her friend is quite uncommunicative this morning. This is a type of extinction – Natalie is not getting reinforcement for talking to her friend. Given what we know about the side effects of extinction, which of the following emotional and behavior patterns would we expect Natalie to display?

Question 41 options:

Increase in attempts to talk

Increase in other behaviors that might elicit talking

Frustration

All of the other answers are correct

Question 42

When a stimulus is taken away, the behavior that caused it to be taken away increases. This contingency is known as:

Question 42 options:

Negative punishment

Negative reinforcement

Positive punishment

Positive reinforcement

Question 43

Abed finds that he has to do increasing amounts of homework in order to pass his courses. Eventually he just gives up and stops doing any of his work. This is best described as an example of:

Question 43 options:

ratio strain

continuous reinforcement

professorial insanity

an FR schedule

Question 44

In Skinner’s Radical Behaviorism, thoughts and feelings are:

Question 44 options:

considered to be special and different from behaviors like bar pressing

considered to be private behaviors

not influenced by environment

only experiences by rats

Question 45

Karl plays cards for several hours a day, and spends only a few minutes studying. According to the Premack principle,

Question 45 options:

studying could be used as a reinforcer for playing cards.

studying could be used as a punisher for playing cards.

playing cards could be used as a punisher for studying.

studying could be used as a reinforcer for playing cards and playing cards could be used as a punisher for studying.

Question 46

If we train a rat to respond to a certain tone with bar pressing for a reward, we can graph the rat’s response to that original discriminative stimulus, and to stimuli similar to that stimulus. We call this graph a:

Question 46 options:

discrimination gradient

resurgence curve

generalization gradient

peak shift

Question 47

Which behavioral schedule listed below will be hardest to extinguish?

Question 47 options:

scheduled behaviors are all equally difficult to extinguish

Question 48

I used toys to reinforce my daughter’s toilet training. I found that she did not learn to use the toilet successfully, even after a long time, though at the beginning using the “grown-up potty” seemed to be an exciting experience for her. What might a behaviorist say I did wrong?

Question 48 options:

I used a primary reinforcer to reinforce secondarily reinforcing behavior

I tried to toilet train my daughter too early

I used an extrinsic reinforcer to reinforce intrinsically reinforcing behavior

I didn’t make any mistakes, my daughter was just being stubborn

Question 49

Skinner’s 3-term contingency always includes:

Question 49 options:

A reflex

Rats

A consequence

An unconditioned stimulus

Question 50

On one of the four basic schedules of reinforcement, and animal will respond rapidly and steadily, making a pause after each reinforcement. Which of the following is that schedule?

Question 50 options:

Fixed Ratio (FR)

Fixed Interval (FI)

Variable Ratio (VR)

Variable Interval (VI)

Question 26 On a Multiple FI 20-sec VI 60-sec schedule of…

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